서지주요정보
(A) study on design of MIMO antennas with different polarizations and performance evaluation in reverberation chamber for millimeter-wave 5G communications = 밀리미터파 5G 통신을 위한 편파에 따른 MIMO 안테나 설계 및 전자파잔향실 내에서의 성능 평가에 대한 연구
서명 / 저자 (A) study on design of MIMO antennas with different polarizations and performance evaluation in reverberation chamber for millimeter-wave 5G communications = 밀리미터파 5G 통신을 위한 편파에 따른 MIMO 안테나 설계 및 전자파잔향실 내에서의 성능 평가에 대한 연구 / Seong-Jin Park.
발행사항 [대전 : 한국과학기술원, 2018].
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8032464

소장위치/청구기호

학술문화관(문화관)B1층 보존서고

DEE 18035

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Millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency bands have been popularly considered for 5G wireless communications in industry and academia. The mmWave band enables the use of a very wide spectrum to provide higher data rates. An antenna array has been required to compensate a severe propagation loss in using the mmWave frequency band for mobile communications. The mmWave 5G channel model should ensure that the channel states such as line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS) and the channel realizations change as a function of time, antenna position and polarization in all propagation scenarios. A study on design of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas with different polarizations and performance evaluation in reverberation chamber (RC) is presented at 28 GHz band for mmWave 5G communications in this thesis. First of all, various antenna arrays based on a substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW) technique for mmWave handset devices are presented. In terms of antenna polarizations and configuration, eight types of antenna arrays providing 1×4 and 1×8 array sizes with horizontal polarization (HP), vertical polarization (VP), left-handed circular polarization (LHCP), and right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) are proposed. The proposed antenna arrays meet the desired performance for the mmWave 5G communication such as low-cost, broadband performance, and high gain characteristic. Based on the eight types of the antenna arrays with different polarizations, twelve cases of 2×2 MIMO antennas are proposed. The channel performance of the proposed MIMO antennas is evaluated in the RC by using a 28 GHz channel sounder. Furthermore, an experimental validation for mmWave channel measurement is investigated to verify the channel performance according to the different configurations and polarizations. The MIMO measurements are fulfilled in the RC without and with absorbers to provide an ideal and relatively real wireless environment. To clarify the channel performance for each case, a wideband channel capacity is calculated from the measured results. Additionally, a tapered slot antenna (TSA) array with calibration couplers is investigated for mmWave beam-steering applications. Each component of the proposed TSA array such as the antenna element, power divider, directional coupler, and transition structure is introduced in detail. The measurement results of the proposed TSA array are also presented to verify the antenna performance.

밀리미터파 주파수 대역은 산업 및 학계에서 5G 무선 통신을 위해 널리 고려되고 있다. 밀리미터파 대역은 높은 데이터 전송률을 제공하는 매우 넓은 스펙트럼을 사용을 가능하게 한다. 이동통신용으로 밀리미터파 주파수 대역을 사용할 경우 심각한 전파 손실을 보상하기 위해 안테나 배열이 요구된다. 밀리미터파 5세대 채널 모델은 가시선(line-of-sight) 또는 비시선(non-line-of-sight))와 같은 채널 상태와 채널 구현이 모든 전파 시나리오에서 시간, 안테나 위치, 편파에 따라 바뀐다는 것을 반드시 보장해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 밀리미터파 5세대 통신을 위해 28 GHz 대역에서 다양한 편파를 가지는 다중 입력 다중 출력(multiple-input multiple-output) 안테나 설계와 전자파잔향실 내에서의 성능 평가에 대한 연구를 수행한다. 우선적으로, 기판집적도파관(substrate-integrated-waveguide) 기법을 기반으로 한 다양한 밀리미터파 단말 장치용 안테나 배열들이 제시된다. 안테나 편파 및 형태 측면에서 수평 편파, 수직 편파, 좌회전 원형 편파 및 우회전 원형 편파를 갖춘 1×4 및 1×8 배열 크기를 제공하는 8가지 유형의 안테나 배열이 제안된다. 제안하는 안테나 배열들은 저비용, 광대역, 고이득 특성과 같은 밀리미터파 5세대 통신을 위한 성능을 만족한다. 다양한 편파를 갖는 8가지 유형의 안테나 배열들을 기반으로, 12가지의 2×2 다중 입력 다중 출력 안테나가 제시된다. 제안되는 다중 입력 다중 출력 안테나들의 채널 성능은 28 GHz 채널 사운더를 사용하여 전자파잔향실 내에서 평가된다. 추가적으로, 다양한 형태 및 편파에 따른 채널 성능을 규명하기 위하여 밀리미터파 채널 측정을 위한 실험적 타당성에 대해서도 연구된다. 다중 입력 다중 출력 측정들은 잔향실 내에서 흡수체(absorbers)가 있는 환경과 없는 환경에서 수행되는데, 이는 이상적인 환경과 상대적으로 현실적인 무선 환경을 제공해주기 위함이다. 각각의 경우에 대해 채널 성능을 비교하기 위해, 측정된 결과들로부터 광대역 채널 용량이 계산된다. 추가적으로, 밀리미터파 빔 스티어링(Beam-steering) 시스템을 위한 테이퍼 형 슬록 안테나(Tapered slot antenna) 배열이 연구된다. 제안하는 안테나를 구성하는 안테나 소자, 전력 분배기, 커플러, 천이 구조와 같은 각각의 요소들에 대해 자세히 소개한다. 제안하는 안테나의 성능을 입증하기 위해 안테나 측정 결과 또한 제시한다.

서지기타정보

서지기타정보
청구기호 {DEE 18035
형태사항 vii, 79 p. : 삽화 ; 30 cm
언어 영어
일반주기 저자명의 한글표기 : 박성진
지도교수의 영문표기 : Seong Ook Park
지도교수의 한글표기 : 박성욱
학위논문 학위논문(박사) - 한국과학기술원 : 전기및전자공학부,
서지주기 References : p. 68-71
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G candidates over higher frequency band.

mmWave antenna array configuration for5G cellular mobile terminals

Equally spaced linear array ofisotropic point sources.

Array factor of an equally spaced, uniformly excited linear array for a few array numbers: (a) three elements: (b) five elements: (c) ten elements.

Geometry ofthe SIW line.

Simulated E-field distribution ofthe siw line at 28 GHz.

Simulated S parameters ofthe SIW line for TEno mode propagation

N by M MIMO system with multiple transmit and receive antennas

Geometry ofthe proposed SIW antenna array.

Design of an unequal T-junction divider with phase compensation: (a) unequal power split; (b) phase compensation; (c) impedance matching.

Simulated S parameters of the unequal T-junction divider: (a) phase separation by step 1; (b) phase compensation by step 2: (c)impedance matching bystep3.

Simulated power difference, phase difference, and S11 change at 28.25 GHz as shifting the central post (lc).

Simulated power difference, phase difference, and S11 change at 28.25 GHz as shifting the group position ofthe three posts (l.).

Comparison between theproposed T-junction and other works AOut=dB(Su)-dBB(Su) and dB(Sur2-15 dB

Simulated beam patterns ofTaylor distribution and uniform distribution for comparison

Geometry ofthe 8-way SIW feeding network with Taylor distribution.

Geometries ofT-junction dividerused in the 8-way SIW feeding network with Taylor distribution: (a) 1st stage; (b) 2ndstage; (c) 3rd stage; (d) 4thstage.

Dimensions offour T-junction dividers (Units: mm)

Simulated S11 ofthe four T-junction dividers for each stage.

Simulated S11 ofthe 8-way SIW feeding network with Taylor distribution.

Comparison between Taylor weight ratio and S parameters

Simulated S11 oftwo types ofT-junction dividers with the right-angle bend and swept bend

Simulated S11 oftwo 8-way SIW feeding networks with the right-angle bend and swept bend

Simulated S parameters ofthe8-way SIW feeding network with the right-angle bend

Normalized S parameters at25, 28, and 31 GHz

Array patterns at 25, 28,and 31 GHz based on the S parameters ofthe proposed feeding network.

Dimensions ofa single-element antenna (Units: mm)

Geometry of the single-element antenna: (a) substrate #1; (b) substrate #2;(c) copper plate; (d) substrate #3.

Simulated S11 and gain of the single-element antenna and mutual coupling between two antenna elements against the frequency.

Simulated E-field distributions for checking the mutual coupling between two adjacent antenna elements.

Simulated radiation patterns of the single-element antenna.

Dimensions of waveguide-to-SIW transition (Units: mm)

Geometry of the waveguide-to-SIW transition: (a) bottom view; (b) top view; (c) side view (A- A').

Simulated S parameters ofthe waveguide-to-SIW transition.

Photographs ofthe fabricated antenna structures: (a) each ofthe layers; (b) the assembled antenna with coaxial waveguide adapter.

Simulated and measured S11 ofthe proposed antenna array.

Simulated and measured radiation patterns of the proposed antenna: (a) 27.75 GHz; (b) 28.2 GHz; (c)28.75 GHz.

Simulated and measured half power beamwidths (Units: degree) Azimuth Elevatic ncy Z) Cimuloted Meocurad Cimulated

Geometries oftwo types ofCP antenna elements with different configurations: (a) substrate #1;(b) substrate #2; (c) copper plate; (d) substrate #3.

Dimensions oftwo CP antenna elements (Units: mm Wsl Lsl Ws2 0.32/0.35 3.9/3.42 0.4/0.36

Simulated results ofthe two CP antenna elements with different configurations: (a)ISi파; (b)AR and gain.

Surface current distributions ofthe two CP antenna elements with different rotations at 28.25 GHz with different phases: (a) 09;(b)90%;(c)180%;(d)270..

Side view ofthe proposed CP antenna array.

Simulated S parameters ofthe 8-way SIW feeding network: (a) IS파파; (b) output performance

Photograph ofthe fabricated antenna arrays: (a) LHCP antenna array; (b) RHCP antenna array.

Photograph of measurement setup ofthe fabricated antenna

Simulated and measured ISm ofthe proposed CP antenna arrays: (a) LHCP;(b) RHCP.

Simulated and measured radiation performance of the proposed CP antenna arrays against the frequency band: (a) LHCP;(b) RHCP.

Simulated and measured beamwidths at 28.25 GHz (Units: degree)

Simulated and measured radiation patterns ofthe proposed LHCP antenna array at 27.75, 28.25, and 28.75 GHz.

Simulated and measured radiation patterns ofthe proposed RHCP antenna array at 27.75, 28.25, and 28.75 GHz.

Dimensions offour antenna elements with different polarizations: HP, VP,LHCP, and RHCI (Units: mm)

Geometries of two types of antenna arrays with different configurations: (a) 1x4 antenna array; (b) 1x8 antenna array.

Side view ofthe proposed antenna arrays and each antenna element with different polarizations for comparison.

Measured Sull and ARs ofthe proposed antenna arrays with different configurations and polarizations (a) 1X4 antenna array; (b) 1x8 antenna array.

Measured results offour types of1x4 antenna arrays with different polarizations for comparisor

Measured results offour types of1x8 antenna arrays with different polarizations for comparisor

Measured and normalized radiation patterns of the proposed antenna arrays with different configurations and polarizations in the X-Z plane and y-z plane at 28.25 GHz: (a) 1x4 antenna array; (b) 1x8 antenna array.

Twelve cases of2x2 MIMO antenna arrays with dual-separated polarizations: (a) two 1x4 antenna array; (b) two 1x8 antenna array.

Measurement setup ofmutual coupling ofthe proposed MIMO antenna array.

Measured mutual couplings oftwelve cases of2x2 MIMO antenna arrays for each case: (a) two 1x4 antenna array; (b) two 1x8 antenna array.

Schematic layout of measurement setup for evaluating channel performance.

Measurement setup for evaluating channel performance

Three dimensional view of measurement setupin the RC: (a) without absorbers; (b) with absorbers.

Measurement scenarios for performance comparison of2x2 MIMO antenna arrays for each case

Cumulative distribution functions of the measured [S21l: (a) for different directions; (b) for different polarizations.

Measurement-based stochastic channel modeling.

Average channel capacity of twelve cases of 2x2 MIMO antenna arrays calculated from the normalized matrices in the RC without absorbers: (a) two 1x4 antenna array; (b) two 1x8 antenna array.

Average channel capacity of twelve cases of 2x2 MIMO antenna arrays calculated from the normalized matrices in the RC with absorbers: (a) two 1x4 antenna array; (b)two 1x8 antenna array.

Cumulative distribution functions of channel capacity at the same SNR of30 dB in the RC withou absorbers: (a) two 1x4 antenna array; (b) two 1x8 antenna array.

Cumulative distribution functions of channel capacity at the same SNR of30 dB in the RC with absorbers: (a) two 1x4 antenna array; (b) two 1x8 antenna array.

Block diagram ofthe proposed digital beam-steering receiver.

Geometry ofthe proposed TSA array with calibration coupler for calibration signal input.

Geometry ofthe single element of the proposed TSA array.

Simulated reflection coefficient and gain ofthe single element.

Simulated normalized radiation pattern ofthe single element: (a) E-plane; (b) H-plane.

Geometry and simulated S parameters of the 8-way power divider used in the feeding network: (a) geometry; (b) S parameters.

Geometry ofthe double-layer SIW directional coupler.

Simulated S parameters ofthe double-layer SIW directional coupler.

Geometry ofthe SMP-to-SIW transition.

Simulated S parameters of the SMP-to-SIW transition.

Fabricated TSA array and measurement setup for far-field measurement: (a) 1X8 TSA array; (b) measurement setup in anechoic chamber.

Simulated and measured reflection coefficient ofthe proposed TSA array.

Simulated and measured normalized radiation patterns ofthe proposed TSA array in thex-z plane and y-z plane over the operating frequency band: (a)27.75 GHz; (b) 28.25 GHz;(c)28.75 GHz.

Simulated and measured half power beamwidths (Units: degree) X-Z plane y-Z pla 1.51 C:maulated MDONSTRATH C:man19t2]

Photograph ofthe fabricated TSA array with calibration coupler for calibration signal input

Measured S parameters of calibration signal-path of the proposed TSA array: (a) magnitude; (b) phase.

Scanned radiation patterns ofthe proposed TSA array.