서지주요정보
Wide input range, reconfigurable time-to-digital converter for electrical impedance spectroscopy applications = 임피던스 스펙트로스코피를 위한 넓은 입력 범위의 재구성 가능 시간-디지털 변환기
서명 / 저자 Wide input range, reconfigurable time-to-digital converter for electrical impedance spectroscopy applications = 임피던스 스펙트로스코피를 위한 넓은 입력 범위의 재구성 가능 시간-디지털 변환기 / Seongheon Shin.
발행사항 [대전 : 한국과학기술원, 2017].
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8030668

소장위치/청구기호

학술문화관(문화관)B1층 보존서고

MEE 17059

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This paper proposes a novel architecture of time-to-digital converter (TDC) with wide input range for phase quantization in polar demodulators for electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) systems. The proposed TDC combines a counter-based TDC with cascaded fine stages and efficiently quantizes the phase component. Measurement results of the proposed TDC shows maximum phase error of 0.72 degrees from 1 kHz to 512 kHz input frequency and maximum phase error of 2.70 degrees when it covers up to 2.048 MHz, which is competitive to previous reported ones. Reconfigurability of interpolation factor and cascaded architecture greatly enhances hardware efficiency of the system with average power consumption of 7.5mW, which makes this work worth for system-on-chip (SoC) realization of EIS systems based on polar demodulators.

본 논문은 전기 임피던스 스펙트로스코피 (EIS) 시스템을 위한 넓은 입력 범위의 재구성 가능 시간-디지털 변환기(TDC)의 새로운 구조를 제안한다. 제안하는 TDC는 카운터 기반의 TDC를 두 개의 세부 시간-증폭단들이 캐스케이드 연결된 것과 결합하여 기존의 단일 시간 증폭단을 사용하는 방법보다 전력 소모, 칩의 넓이 등의 하드웨어 부담을 효율적인 방법으로 줄이며 변환률을 향상시킨다. 측정 결과는 1 kHz ~ 512 kHz의 입력 주파수에서 최대 0.72도의 위상 오차를 가지며, 2.048 MHz 입력 주파수까지 받아들일 경우, 최대 2.70도의 위상 오차를 가진다. 제안하는 새로운 TDC 구조에서는 증폭 계수를 재구성 가능하게 하고 시간-증폭단들을 캐스케이드 연결함으로 인해 7.5mW의 평균 전력 소비로 시스템의 하드웨어 효율을 크게 향상시킨다. 그러므로 극 복조(크기/위상) 측정을 기반으로 하는 EIS 시스템의 system-on-chip (SoC)의 구현에 크게 기여한다.

서지기타정보

서지기타정보
청구기호 {MEE 17059
형태사항 v, 78 p. : 삽화 ; 30 cm
언어 영어
일반주기 저자명의 한글표기 : 신성헌
지도교수의 영문표기 : Hyung-Joun Yoo
지도교수의 한글표기 : 유형준
학위논문 학위논문(석사) - 한국과학기술원 : 전기및전자공학부,
서지주기 References : p. 74-75
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이 주제의 인기대출도서

Various EIS applications over frequency range

EBIS applications

Measurement ofbioimpedance

Changes in magnitude and phase after signal injection

Phase detection part ofthe previous work using XOR gates and Gm-C integrator (TVC)

Previous phase quantization method using Gm-C integrator (TVC)

Phase detection part ofthe previous work using SR latch and a counter-based TDC

Phase detection part ofthe previous work ofa counter-based TDC with divide-by-2 chains

TDC based on chain delay line

Vernier delay line TDC

Block diagram ofcounter-based TDC

Timing diagram ofcounter-based TDC

Comparison between counter based TDC and TDC based on time interpolation

Design specification ofthe proposed TDC

Assignment ofinterpolation factor for sweeping frequencies,fo (initial version)

Circuit ofdual-slope time interpolator

Assignment ofinterpolation factorfor sweeping frequencies,ff (revised version)

Overall block diagram ofproposed TDC

TDC configuration in mode A

Timing diagram ofthe proposed TDC in modeA

TDC configuration in mode B

Timing diagram ofthe proposed TDC in mode B

TDC configuration in mode C

Timing diagram ofthe proposed TDC in mode C

Quantization phase error by calculation for 1-kHz sweeping frequency (mode A)

Quantization phase error by calculation for 8-kHz sweeping frequency (mode B)

Quantization phase error by calculation for 512-kHz sweeping frequency (mode C)

Block diagram offine stage in the proposed TDC

Structure oftime splitter

Timing diagram oftime splitter

Circuit of analog dual-slope time interpolator

Timing diagram of analog dual-slope time interpolator

Design parameters in implemented time interpolator with recongurability

Implementation ofreconfigurable interpolation factor by switched capacitors

Timing diagram comparing cascaded interpolators to single interpolator

Layout ofthe proposed TDC

Chip photograph (left) and chip on board (CoB) (right)

Block diagram ofimplemented chip showing the signal path

Timing diagram ofsignals on the signal path

Experimental setup for measuring the proposed TDC

Input-output characteristics ofTDC at 1-kHz sweeping frequency (mode A)

Measured phase error of1-kHz sweeping frequency (mode A)

Input-output characteristics ofTDC at 8-kHz sweeping frequency (mode B)

Measured phase error of8-kHz sweeping frequency (mode B)

Input-output characteristics ofTDC at2.048-MHz sweeping frequency (mode C)

Measured phase error of2.048-MHz sweeping frequency (mode C)

Summarizing table for all sweeping frequencies,fo

Plot oftime-domain phase error excluded with quantization error

Overall interpolation factor and time domain phase error in mode C

Deviation ofmeasured phase error (in degrees) at 128-kHzfofrom quantization error (calculated

Code difference between calculation output code and measured output code

Amount of variation in output offirst fine stage to cause 士1LSB phase error in 128 kHz

Number ofcounts for output code of 100 samples for o=325.52 ns, correct code = 686

Output codes of100 samples for o= 325.52 ns, correct code = 686

Three possible cases ofoutput code variation for 128-kHzf

Resolution and region of uncertainty of comparator

Circuit of comparator used in the interpolator used

Example of multi-stage comparator (6 stages)

Performance comparison table