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Estimation of single event sensitivity of the COMET Phase-II muon conversion experiment = COMET Phase-II 실험의 단일사건민감도 추정
서명 / 저자 Estimation of single event sensitivity of the COMET Phase-II muon conversion experiment = COMET Phase-II 실험의 단일사건민감도 추정 / Jisoo Kang.
발행사항 [대전 : 한국과학기술원, 2018].
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MPH 18001

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In this study, we present the estimation of signal event sensitivity of COMET Phase-II muon-to-electron conversion ($\mu+N \to e+N$) experiment in J-PARC. The muon-to-electron conversion is one of CLFV (Charged Lepton Flavor Violation) process, which affects considerably to new physics theories beyond Standard Model in particle physics. The COMET experiment has two phases where the Phase-II experiment aims $10^{-17}$ level of sensitivity. The single event sensitivity and 90% confidence level upper limit of COMET Phase-II experiment with conversion electron signal at electromagnetic calorimeter and muon Decay-In-Orbit (DIO) background were estimated by using ICEDUST software framework. 100,000 conversion electron signals and 300,000 DIO background events were simulated and analyzed. The estimated signal event sensitivity is $1.59 \times 10^{-17}$, and 90% upper limit of null event is estimated to $2.03\times 10^{-17}$, which is around 100 times better sensitivity than Phase-I experiment even in the case of using calorimeter as main detector. The experimental sensitivity estimated in this study can be improved by considering straw tracking detector, which provides much better momentum measurements with narrower width.

이 논문에서는 코멧 두번째 단계 실험의 단일 사건 민감도 추정을 제시하였다. 코멧 실험은 전기띤 렙톤의 맛깔 위반의 한 현상인 뉴트리노를 방출하지 않는 뮤온-전자 전환을 측정하는 실험이다. 뮤온-전자 전환은 입자물리학의 표준모형을 넘는 새로운 물리 이론에 상당한 영향을 끼친다. 코멧 실험은 두 단계로 이루어지며 두번째 단계 실험은 $10^{-17}$ 수준의 민감도를 목표로 하고 있다. 이 논문에서는 아이스더스트라는 컴퓨터 소프트웨어 모의 실험 도구로 전자 열량계에 측정되는 뮤온-전자 전환 신호와 궤도적붕괴의 배경 신호를 이용하여 단일 사건 민감도와 90\%의 신뢰구간에서 단일 사건 민감도를 추정하였다. 이때, 100,000개의 전환 전자 신호와 300,000개의 궤도적붕괴의 배경 신호를 발생시켜 분석하였다. 단일 사건 민감도는 $1.59\times 10^{-17}$와 90\%의 신뢰구간에서 $2.03\times 10^{-17}$의 결과를 얻었다. 열량계를 주 검출기로 사용하였음에도 불구하고 코멧 첫 번째 단계 실험보다 약 100배 정도 좋은 민감도가 추정되었다. 추후 운동량 측정을 훨씬 잘 식별해내는 빨대 모양의 추적 검출기를 이용하여 실험적 민감도를 추정하면 향상된 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것이다.

서지기타정보

서지기타정보
청구기호 {MPH 18001
형태사항 iv, 33 p. : 삽화 ; 30 cm
언어 영어
일반주기 저자명의 한글표기 : 강지수
지도교수의 영문표기 : Yannis K. Semertzidis
지도교수의 한글표기 : 야니스
학위논문 학위논문(석사) - 한국과학기술원 : 물리학과,
서지주기 References : p. 31-32
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Properties of muon.

Sensitivity ofa | → conversion and a | → e eee conversion with K and A [8].

Feynman diagrams that produce 1- conversion through New Physics models [9]

The observable flavor effect for a variety of BSM SUSY and non-SUSY models [10, 12]. AC means Abelian U(1) flavor symmetry model by Agashe and Carone. RVV2 represents non-Abelian model by Ross, Velasco-Sevilla and Vives. AKM signifies Antush, King and Malinsky SU(3) faaor symmetry model. 8LL expresses flavor models with pure CKM-like left handed currents. FBMSSM indicates flavor-blind MSSM. LHT st

The history of CLFV searches in muons (not including muonium) [7].

The SINDRUM-II Result [10]. Momentum distributions are shown for three different beam momenta and polarities. Filled circles describe 53 MeV/c negative, optimized for 11- stops. Open circles show 63 MeV/c negative, optimized for ㅠ- stops. and inset is 48 MeV/c positive, optimized for 14+ stops.

Cross section ofthe SINDRUM-II spectrometer [13]. Gold is used for muon stopping target, which is shown at (B) part of this figure. (F) part and (g) part is concentric cylindrical drift chambers using a 1.2 T superconducting solenoid magnet.

The MEG detector and beam transport system [16]. The upper figure (a) shows detector setup with Liquid Xenon calorimeter and drift chamber with muon stopping target. Thelower figure (b) shows the muon beam transport system to detector. In this figure, there are also shown not only Wien filter which is the crossed-field separator, but also the superconducting transport solenoid (BTS) and the COBRA

The layout of Mu2e experiment 17.

Schematic for the timing structure used in the COMET experiment [9]. Black pulse means proton pulse. If proton pulse appears, then beam flash occurs as dark blue pulse. Light blue pulse expresses electrons from stopped muons.

Layout of J-PARC [21]. The J-PARC accelerator chain is composed ofa linac, a Rapid- Cycling Synchrotron (RCS), and the Main Ring (MR).

Bunched proton beam in slow extraction mode [1이

Pulsed proton beam for the COMET experiment [21]

Schematic layout of the pion capture system [10]. There are the pion production target which is proton target, the pion capture solenoid magnets, and its radiation shield.

Schematic layout ofthe pion capture solenoid system [4]. Dark gray areas describe radiation shields, and light gray areas describe superconducting coils. Dimensions are in mm.

Layout of muon transport solenoid system for COMET Phase-II [21

Layout of the COMET Phase-II detector system [7]. Electrons generated from muon stopping target as results of muon-to-electron conversion pass through the inside of curved solenoid, and reach a tracker and a calorimeter.

Electron efficiency at ECAL. 10,000 electrons are simulated from the muon stopping target in the COMET Phase-II with each mono-energy(50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 105, 110, 120, 130 MeV/e). Efficiency for each momentum is obtained by calculating number of events which reached at ECAL per 10,000 events.

A schematic layout of straw tracker and ECAL.

Schematic layout ofthe COMET Phase-I [9]. There are three parts, pion capture section transport section, and detector section. COMET Phase-I detectors are a Cylindrical Drift Chamber and trigger hodoscope counters (CyDet detector), and a straw-tube tracker and a segmented crystal EM calorimeter (StrEcal detector). They are mainly used for conversion measurement and beam characteri- sation, respect

Schematic layout of the COMET Phase-II [9].

Electron spectrum from muon decays in orbit for aluminium with linear scale (left plot) and logarithmic scale (right plot) [22].

An outline of the ICEDUST framework [9].

Event display ofsimulation with 100 events in the ICEDUST. The trajectories ofsimulated particles are shown up in the translucent COMET Phase-II geometry. Blue lines describe the trajectories of charged particles such as e- and black lines describe the trajectories of neutral particles such as Y.

Deposited energy distribution of signal. The blue one is the simulation data, and the red one is fitting graph using Crystal Ball function.

Fitting results for energy distribution of signal.

Deposited energy distribution of DIO with logarithmic scale. As the energy increases, the number ofDIO electrons decreases to logarithmic scale. Therefore, DIO simulations generated with three energy regions are used in this study. (a) is the DIO results when DIO events are generated from 85 MeV to 105 MeV. (b) is the DIO results when DIO events are generated from 94 MeV to 105 MeV (c) is the DIO

Czarnecki DIO spectrum on a logarithmic scale.

DIO fraction with the energy region.

Fitting results for scaled DIO background spectrum.

DIO background spectrum after applying scale factor to simulated DIO data. The points are DIO background spectrum, and the solid line is their fit to model.

Energy distribution ofboth signal and background. Red dashed one means muon-to-electron conversion signal assuming conversion rate 3 X 10-16 and black solid line means fitting result of DIO background estimation. The points are scaled spectrum of DIO simulation data.

Summary of parameters used in the estimation of single event sensitivity.

Comparison ofsingle event sensitivity ofthis result, and that ofthe COMET Phase-II 2009 CDR, COMET Phase-I TDR, the Mu2e experiment's TDR, and SINDRUM-II experiment result.