서지주요정보
Rheological modeling and flow simulation to evaluate the filling ability of fresh concrete = 굳지 않은 콘크리트의 채움성 평가를 위한 유변학적 모델링 및 유동해석
서명 / 저자 Rheological modeling and flow simulation to evaluate the filling ability of fresh concrete = 굳지 않은 콘크리트의 채움성 평가를 위한 유변학적 모델링 및 유동해석 / Tae Yong Shin.
발행사항 [대전 : 한국과학기술원, 2023].
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8040087

소장위치/청구기호

학술문화관(문화관)B1층 보존서고

DCE 23009

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The construction process of concrete structures can be mainly classified into (1) structural design, (2) casting and placing, and (3) management. The structural design and maintenance technologies are relatively well understood and well-received in academia and industries, however, the studies related to the placing and casting performance of fresh concrete have scarcely been reported despite its importance in the field. The applications of rheometer are introduced to estimate the construction processes and the consequent constructability, but its field application is still limited due to inconvenience and non-robust nature. The evaluation of casting and placing performance of fresh concrete still relies on empirical and qualitative methods such as the slump test. The quantitative evaluation of the rheological properties and workability of fresh concrete is the first task required to ensure the load resistance, serviceability, and durability of concrete structures. This dissertation firstly proposes simulation-based correlation models to estimate the rheological properties of fresh concrete. Then, the casting performance of self-compacting concrete placed on the steel-plate concrete panel and the effect of vibrating compaction on flow of normal concrete are discussed. Specifically, the model to estimate yield stress and plastic viscosity of self-compacting concrete by using slump flow test results considering the partial segregation of coarse aggregates is introduced, and the porous-medium analogy generalizes flow resistance by inner shear studs in the steel-plate concrete panel, and the models to predict the filling ability of self-compacting concrete casting inside steel-plate concrete panels is provided. To evaluate the filling ability of normal concrete, the numerical simulations of the flow table test of wet-sieved mortar also are given for the estimation of plastic viscosity of normal concrete based on the multi-scale approach. In addition, this study applies the diffusion analogy to describe the attenuation of vibrating compaction, and the change of rheological behavior under vibration is formulated. Based on the generalized attenuation and rheological properties, the coupled numerical simulation can give us the change of filling height profiles by vibrating compaction. The aforementioned methods to predict the filling and casting performance of fresh concrete contain the relevant verification test results to strengthen their reliability.

콘크리트 구조물의 시공단계를 시간에 따라 분류하면, (1)구조설계, (2)시공, (3)유지관리 분야로 크게 나눌 수 있다. 현재 설계 및 유지관리 기술에 비하여 시공 단계에 대한 과학적인 접근이 상대적으로 미흡하여, 시공 과정에 대한 정량적인 평가가 요구되고 있다. 콘크리트의 시공 성능 예측과 품질 제어를 위해 레오미터를 활용한 유변학적 접근이 시도되고 있으나, 측정 방법의 편의성 및 측정값의 편차 문제로 인하여 현재까지도 슬럼프 시험 등의 정성적인 평가와 현장 관리자의 경험에 의존한 콘크리트 작업성 평가가 주를 이루고 있는 상황이다. 이러한 경험 의존적 접근은 시공 성능의 예측과 더불어 완공 후 콘크리트 품질에 대한 정량적인 평가를 어렵게 하고 있으므로, 본 학위논문에서는 수치해석적 접근을 이용하여 현장 시험 결과로부터 굳지 않은 콘크리트의 항복응력과 소성점도 등의 유변학적 특성을 정량적으로 예측할 수 있는 상관관계식을 제안하고, 이를 기반으로 자기충전 콘크리트의 강판 콘크리트 패널 내부 충진 성능 및 진동 다짐을 고려한 일반 콘크리트의 채움 성능 평가에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 구체적으로, 자기충전 콘크리트의 채움성 평가를 위해 슬럼프 플로우 시험 결과와 재료분리도를 고려한 자기충전 콘크리트의 유변학적 특성 예측 모델을 제안하였다. 이어서, 다공성 매질 모델을 이용한 강판 콘크리트 패널 내부 전단 보강재에 의한 흐름저항의 정량화 및 수치해석을 이용한 자기충전 콘크리트의 강판 콘크리트 내부 채움성 평가 방법을 제안하였다. 다음으로, 진동 다짐을 고려한 일반콘크리트의 채움성 평가를 위해 웻시빙 모르타르의 플로우 테이블 시험 결과와 굵은 골재 부피분율을 고려한 일반콘크리트의 소성점도 범위를 산정하였다. 또한, 진동 다짐의 감쇠를 확산 모델을 통해 간접적으로 표현하고, 진동 다짐에 따른 콘크리트의 유변학적 거동의 변화를 수식화하였다. 도출된 진동 다짐의 감쇠 계수 및 유변학적 특성을 기반으로, 일반 콘크리트의 진동 다짐에 따른 채움 높이 증진을 수치해석하였다. 본 연구에서는 각 채움성 평가 모델 제안과 함께, 현장 실험을 통한 비교 검증 결과를 포함하여 제안된 평가 방법의 신뢰성을 높이고자 하였다.

서지기타정보

서지기타정보
청구기호 {DCE 23009
형태사항 ix, 135 p. : 삽도 ; 30 cm
언어 영어
일반주기 저자명의 한글표기 : 신태용
지도교수의 영문표기 : Jae Hong Kim
지도교수의 한글표기 : 김재홍
수록잡지명 : "First step in modeling the flow table test to characterize the rheology of normally vibrated concrete". Cement and Concrete Research, v.152, 106678(2022)
수록잡지명 : "Prediction of concrete casting in steel-plate concrete panels". Materials and Structures, v.52 no.1, 15(2019)
Including Appendix
학위논문 학위논문(박사) - 한국과학기술원 : 건설및환경공학과,
서지주기 References : p. 120-131
주제 Concrete
Rheology
Yield stress
Plastic viscosity
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
Filling ability
콘크리트
유변학
전산유체역학
채움성
항복응력
소성점도
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이 주제의 인기대출도서

Common techniques for each step of construction

Schematic illustration of cavities in containment building ofnuclear power plant

Commercialized rheometers for concrete

Conventional rheometers for liquid and suspension: (a) DHR-1, TA Instruments, Inc. and (b) HAKKE MARS III, Thermo Fisher Scientific

"Mixtureby mixture' comparison between ICAR and ConTec rheometers (Andraz etal., 2013)

Bingham model and Herschel-Bulkley model: (a) Flow curve depicts the shear stress-rate ofshear strain relationship ofeach model while (b) viscosity curve shows it as the viscosity-rate ofshear strain relationship

Flow curve changes under vibrating compaction for (a) conventional concrete and (b) high-flow concrete (Koch etal., 2019)

Casting ofa concrete pre-cambered composite beam for two SCC with yield stress of60 and 120 Pa (Roussel, Geiker, etal., 2007)

Industrial applications of steel-plate concrete panel

Steel-plate concrete panel (SCP)

Comparison between reinforced concrete (RC) and steel-plate concrete (SC) structures

Conceptual diagram for porous-medium analogy

Snapshots and volume fraction contour ofthe VoF simulations ofthe slump flow

k-coefficients for the correlation relationship

Correlations for the single-fluid simulation results: (a) dimensionless Ts and (b) dimensionless Ds for Bingham fluid models

Ellipsoidal cross section of concrete flow and consideration ofpartial segregation

Sigmoid model for segregation index

Flow chart and pseudocode for nonlinear optimization

Fresh properties ofthe SCC samples

(a) The channel flow simulation and (b) Time-spread curves for simulation ofC1

L-shape panel filling simulation

Time-spread curves for the filling simulation

Comparison ofthe proposed model with a conventional model. Each dashed line reports a relationship without considering the partial segregation.

Comparison with the measured rheological properties: (a) Yield stress and (b) Plastic viscosity

Updated rheograph by the slump flow test results

Correlation between the yield stress and the slump flow - 31 -

Coefficients ofthe approximation Eq.(3.24)

Linear relationship between Tso and (Tso-T40)

Comparison ofthe estimated (a) yield stress and (b) plastic viscosity with ICAR measurements

Comparison ofthe estimated (a)yield stress and (b) plastic viscosity with BML measurements

Apparatus for channel flow test

Snapshots for channel flow test

Contour of channel flow simulation

Typical spread curve of channel flow simulation

Correlations for the rheological evaluation

Coefficients for the correlating model

Regression analysis for the model parameter q and h

Rheological properties and flow parameters oftest mortar

Comparison between measurements and estimations

Correlation between channel flow test and rheological properties with measured data

Positioning ofstuds with respectto the direction offluid flow: (a) Generalization and (b) example

Two-dimensional numerical set-ups for typical SC panels

Linearized permeability according to (a) spacing ratio Sand (b) obstacle density!

Velocity profiles between studs ofPoiseuille flow with a Newtonian fluid and Plug-like flow with a Bingham fluid

Velocity profile of an example segment(0=459) having effective width W

Apparatus design for L-box filling test

Mix proportion of concrete samples

Rheological properties of concrete samples

Snapshots offilling test without stud

Time-spread curves measured through filling test

Prediction ofconcrete flow: (a) Mix C and (b) Mix D fors=40 mm; and (c) Mix E for s=80 mm

Multiple-story model for VoF simulation ofmortarflow. An initial state is modeled with a Hagerman cone-shaped fluid (red colored). Each dropping ofthe fluid is simulated by allocating a fixed boundary at every 12.7 mm interval to the bottom.

Mortarflow obtained by VoF simulation and its increment at each drop.A flow increment right after a dropis taken the increase in mortar flow atthe corresponding time (at every 0.6 S interval), and itis inversely proportional to the current mortar flow.

Proportional rate and terminal mortar flow correlated with the Bingham parameters

Sensitivity analysis with respectto yield stress and plastic viscosity.Asa result, mortar flows obtained by 5 and 25 drops are significant for evaluation ofBingham parameters.

Mix proportions and test results ofmortar

Mix proportions and test results of'concrete

Rheological geometries

Rheological measurement fortest mortar showing Ds=135 mm and D2s=190 mm. Each rheometer, labeled DHR or ICAR, provides a biased measurement; these are compared with the evaluation usingthe proposed model in (a) flow curve and (b) viscosity curve.

Correlating models for Bingham parameters. The measurements by the rotational rheometers are shown by circle and triangle dots, even though they lack objectivity.

Energy dissipation during the rheological measurements

Mortar flows and evaluated Bingham parameters ofwet-sieved mortar (WSM) obtained from concrete. The mortar flows ofconcrete-equivalentmortar (CEM) are also shown by dashed lines. Applyinga multiplication factorof(1-0/8oma)intothe Bingham parameters finally gives CO,concrere=500 to 3,000 Pa and 17p,concrele=1,000 to 8,000 Pa·S for S=50 to 250 mm slump concrete.

Comparison ofthe test methods to evaluate the Bingham parameters ofmortar. The shear rate ofinterestis 0.1 to 1 s-1 forthe channel flow and 10to 100s-1 for the flow table test.

Mix-proportions for concrete samples

Mechanical properties of test concrete

Schematic views oftest apparatus

Test setup and laser displacement measuring system

Apparatus design parameters

Result ofmesh independence test

Effect ofplastic viscosity on filling profile

Yield stress postulation. The solid lines represent test results, and the dashed lines represent simulation results.

Yield stress-slump correlations. The postulated yield stresses are plotted between the empirical model and the simulation model.

Layout oftest formwork including reinforcement arrangement, location of accelerometers and vibrator (a) and site images ofmockup test(b)

Normalized power density and degree ofvibration distributions

Flow curves according to the degree ofvibration

Herschel-Bulkley parameters according to distance from vibrator center

3D model construction including liquefaction zone (Example ofG3H9)

Snapshots for filling simulation (Example ofG3H9-S100) (a) Unvibrated state and (b) Vibrated state

Filling profiles for G1H6: (a) slump 100 mm and (b) slump 180 mm

Filling profiles for G1H9: (a) slump 100 mm and (b) slump 180 mm

Filling profiles for G3H6: (a) slump 100 mm and (b) slump 180 mm

Filling profiles for G3H9:(a) slump 100 mm and (b) slump 180 mm

Filling profiles offlowable concrete (Sr=550 mm) without vibration

Typical fillingprofiles before and after vibration for G1H9-S100

Averaged filling heights ofeach test: (a) for 100 mm slump and (b) for 180 mm slump

Effect of attenuation coefficient (a) and effect ofupper bound ofshear rate (b)

Typical slopes for roadway and pavements

Hypothetically simplified model

Model and velocity vector plot for overlay casting

All rheological properties and geometric parameters in the numerical simulations

Flow velocity profile according to normalized distance (np=100 Pars)

Maximum flow velocity-yield stress relations

Yield stress criterion for slope casting

Coefficient for boundary effect

Critical slopes accordance with designed slump flow

Maximum flow velocity-yield stress curve forbridge deck casting

Experimental apparatus

Pictures for mock-up test

Mix proportions to produce 1 m3 UHPC*

Slump flow test results and estimated rheological properties oftest mixes

Results ofinclined slab casting test