The purpose of this study is 1) to identify the contributions of management by objectives(MBO) to R&D productivity and 2) to provide some practical guidances for private R&D Institutes interested in employing MBO as their management system in the future. In order to achieve these purposes, five case institutes that are utilizing the MBO systems were investigated, and the factors affecting improvement of R&D productivity and the problems associated with MBO were analyzed in this study.
In this study, relationships between MBO and R&D productivity was reviewed, and case study was conducted based on the tentative research model representing the relationships among characteristics of MBO system, roles of project leaders and R&D productivity at the private R&D institutes steered by project-based systems. Additionally, in order to understand the history, status quo and the obstacles associated with application of MBO at private R&D institutes, efforts were concentrated to identify underlying facts and principles through in-depth interviews with the related persons.
The results of five case studies can be summarized as follows: First of all, MBO can be very useful tool to increase productivity even in the R&D sector. The selected institutes show significant productivity improvement through the introduction of MBO system.
Secondly, characteristics of MBO systems such as motives and impetus for introduction of MBO, degree of procedural elabolation, and utilization scheme in the implementation of MBO have a great effect on R&D productivity improvement. It is recommended that MBO should be applied company-wide rather than institute-specific.
Thirdly, it was proven that the desirable changes in the role of project leaders and the evaluation system reflecting the properties of each project can play an important role in success or failure of MBO.
Fourthly, through additional analyses of practical problems and application schemes accompanied with MBO, preliminary efforts before MBO introduction were found to be a factor of great importance. On the basis of these findings, hypotheses and refined research models were generated in this study. In addition, practical guidelines in applying MBO at R&D institutes were presented by considering all of these factors.
Futher research is needed to overcome several shortcomings encounted in this research. Also more elaborated and refined research settings and comparative researches are needed.
본 연구는 국내 기업연구소에서 적용되어 활용되고 있는 목표관리 추진사례를 분석함으로써 목표관리 시스템의 특성에 따른 연구생산성 향상 요인과 적용상의 문제점들을 찾아내어 향후 목표관리시스템을 도입한 연구소에 있어서 실무적인 지침을 제공하기 위한 연구이다.
이러한 목적에 따라 목표관리시스템 및 연구생산성과의 관계에 대한 이론적 고찰과 프로젝트 중심의 조직으로 운영되는 연구소의 특성을 반영한 예비모형을 중심으로 사례를 조사하였다. 아울러 기업연구소의 실제적인 운영현황의 이력과 목표관리 적용에 따른 애로사항을 파악하기 위해 관련 연구소와의 심층적 면담을 실시함으로써 설문연구에서 밝힐 수 없었던 여러 가지 사실을 밝히는데 주력하였다.
본 연구에서는 각 기업연구소가 추진한 목표관리의 도입목적, 실행 전후의 특성 및 이의 활용체계를 파악함으로써 이러한 요인들이 연구생산성 향상에 중요한 요인으로 작용한다는 것을 실증적으로 분석하였고, 프로젝트 리더의 바람직한 역할 변화와 프로젝트의 특성을 반영한 평가체계가 목표관리의 성패요인으로 작용한다는 것을 밝혀내어 이를 가설 형태로 제시하였다. 또한 실제 적용과정에서 나타난 문제점과 활용방안을 추가적으로 분석하여 목표관리의 수용태세가 중요한 성패요인이 됨을 밝혀내어 연구모형의 확장을 꾀하였고 이를 통해 향후 연구소에의 목표관리 도입을 위한 도입 단계별 지침을 마련하였다.
