Up to now, the minimum coefficient of friction for safe walking on the level ground is recommended by many authors, but there is no scientific study on the minimum coefficient of friction for safe walking on the ramp.
Static biomechanical model is formulated to derive the minimum coefficient of friction for safe walking on the ramp as well as the ground.
It is shown that difference in the minimum coefficients of friction for safe walking exists between the treadmill and overground by using this model.
A safe coefficient of friction for overground walking is recommended with the slope angle of the ramp.
