An optimum design methodology is suggested for the servo drive systems in which d.c. permanent magnetic or a.c. synchronous motors are used as main actuators. Emphasis is given to establishing a series of comprehensive decision-making practices in dealing with three major design subjects: determination of velocity motion profile, optimization of speed reduction ratio, and selection of motor. These design parameters are optimized from the viewpoint of enhencing the efficiency of energy conversion so that heat dissipation from the motor can be minimized. Finally, two practical design examples are discussed to prove validity of the proposed methodology.